diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes')
| -rw-r--r-- | benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes.cu | 268 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_gold.cpp | 117 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_kernel.cuh | 122 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/Makefile | 51 |
4 files changed, 558 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes.cu b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes.cu new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0c4ab7f --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes.cu @@ -0,0 +1,268 @@ +/* + * Copyright 1993-2007 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved. + * + * NOTICE TO USER: + * + * This source code is subject to NVIDIA ownership rights under U.S. and + * international Copyright laws. Users and possessors of this source code + * are hereby granted a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to use this code + * in individual and commercial software. + * + * NVIDIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATION ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF THIS SOURCE + * CODE FOR ANY PURPOSE. IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. NVIDIA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH + * REGARD TO THIS SOURCE CODE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * IN NO EVENT SHALL NVIDIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, + * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS + * OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE + * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE + * OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOURCE CODE. + * + * U.S. Government End Users. This source code is a "commercial item" as + * that term is defined at 48 C.F.R. 2.101 (OCT 1995), consisting of + * "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software + * documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) + * and is provided to the U.S. Government only as a commercial end item. + * Consistent with 48 C.F.R.12.212 and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 through + * 227.7202-4 (JUNE 1995), all U.S. Government End Users acquire the + * source code with only those rights set forth herein. + * + * Any use of this source code in individual and commercial software must + * include, in the user documentation and internal comments to the code, + * the above Disclaimer and U.S. Government End Users Notice. + */ + +/* + * This sample evaluates fair call and put prices for a + * given set of European options by Black-Scholes formula. + * See supplied whitepaper for more explanations. + */ + + + +#include <stdlib.h> +#include <stdio.h> +#include <time.h> +#include <string.h> +#include <cutil_inline.h> + + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Process an array of optN options on CPU +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +extern "C" void BlackScholesCPU( + float *h_CallResult, + float *h_PutResult, + float *h_StockPrice, + float *h_OptionStrike, + float *h_OptionYears, + float Riskfree, + float Volatility, + int optN +); + + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Process an array of OptN options on GPU +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +#include "BlackScholes_kernel.cuh" + + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Helper function, returning uniformly distributed +// random float in [low, high] range +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +float RandFloat(float low, float high){ + float t = (float)rand() / (float)RAND_MAX; + return (1.0f - t) * low + t * high; +} + + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Data configuration +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +const int OPT_N = 2000000; // 4000000; + +#ifdef __DEVICE_EMULATION__ +const int NUM_ITERATIONS = 1; +#else +const int NUM_ITERATIONS = 1; // 512; +#endif + + +const int OPT_SZ = OPT_N * sizeof(float); +const float RISKFREE = 0.02f; +const float VOLATILITY = 0.30f; + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Main program +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +int main(int argc, char **argv){ + //'h_' prefix - CPU (host) memory space + float + //Results calculated by CPU for reference + *h_CallResultCPU, + *h_PutResultCPU, + //CPU copy of GPU results + *h_CallResultGPU, + *h_PutResultGPU, + //CPU instance of input data + *h_StockPrice, + *h_OptionStrike, + *h_OptionYears; + + //'d_' prefix - GPU (device) memory space + float + //Results calculated by GPU + *d_CallResult, + *d_PutResult, + //GPU instance of input data + *d_StockPrice, + *d_OptionStrike, + *d_OptionYears; + + double + delta, ref, sum_delta, sum_ref, max_delta, L1norm, gpuTime; + + unsigned int hTimer; + int i; + + + if( cutCheckCmdLineFlag(argc, (const char**)argv, "device") ) + cutilDeviceInit(argc, argv); + else + cudaSetDevice( cutGetMaxGflopsDeviceId() ); + + cutilCheckError( cutCreateTimer(&hTimer) ); + + printf("Initializing data...\n"); + printf("...allocating CPU memory for options.\n"); + h_CallResultCPU = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_PutResultCPU = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_CallResultGPU = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_PutResultGPU = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_StockPrice = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_OptionStrike = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + h_OptionYears = (float *)malloc(OPT_SZ); + + printf("...allocating GPU memory for options.\n"); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMalloc((void **)&d_CallResult, OPT_SZ) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMalloc((void **)&d_PutResult, OPT_SZ) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMalloc((void **)&d_StockPrice, OPT_SZ) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMalloc((void **)&d_OptionStrike, OPT_SZ) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMalloc((void **)&d_OptionYears, OPT_SZ) ); + + printf("...generating input data in CPU mem.\n"); + srand(5347); + //Generate options set + for(i = 0; i < OPT_N; i++){ + h_CallResultCPU[i] = 0.0f; + h_PutResultCPU[i] = -1.0f; + h_StockPrice[i] = RandFloat(5.0f, 30.0f); + h_OptionStrike[i] = RandFloat(1.0f, 100.0f); + h_OptionYears[i] = RandFloat(0.25f, 10.0f); + } + + printf("...copying input data to GPU mem.\n"); + //Copy options data to GPU memory for further processing + cutilSafeCall( cudaMemcpy(d_StockPrice, h_StockPrice, OPT_SZ, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMemcpy(d_OptionStrike, h_OptionStrike, OPT_SZ, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMemcpy(d_OptionYears, h_OptionYears, OPT_SZ, cudaMemcpyHostToDevice) ); + printf("Data init done.\n"); + + + printf("Executing Black-Scholes GPU kernel (%i iterations)...\n", NUM_ITERATIONS); + cutilSafeCall( cudaThreadSynchronize() ); + cutilCheckError( cutResetTimer(hTimer) ); + cutilCheckError( cutStartTimer(hTimer) ); + for(i = 0; i < NUM_ITERATIONS; i++){ + BlackScholesGPU<<<480, 128>>>( + d_CallResult, + d_PutResult, + d_StockPrice, + d_OptionStrike, + d_OptionYears, + RISKFREE, + VOLATILITY, + OPT_N + ); + cutilCheckMsg("BlackScholesGPU() execution failed\n"); + } + cutilSafeCall( cudaThreadSynchronize() ); + cutilCheckError( cutStopTimer(hTimer) ); + gpuTime = cutGetTimerValue(hTimer) / NUM_ITERATIONS; + //Both call and put is calculated + printf("Options count : %i \n", 2 * OPT_N); + printf("BlackScholesGPU() time : %f msec\n", gpuTime); + printf("Effective memory bandwidth: %f GB/s\n", ((double)(5 * OPT_N * sizeof(float)) * 1E-9) / (gpuTime * 1E-3)); + printf("Gigaoptions per second : %f \n", ((double)(2 * OPT_N) * 1E-9) / (gpuTime * 1E-3)); + + + printf("Reading back GPU results...\n"); + //Read back GPU results to compare them to CPU results + cutilSafeCall( cudaMemcpy(h_CallResultGPU, d_CallResult, OPT_SZ, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaMemcpy(h_PutResultGPU, d_PutResult, OPT_SZ, cudaMemcpyDeviceToHost) ); + + + printf("Checking the results...\n"); + printf("...running CPU calculations.\n"); + //Calculate options values on CPU + BlackScholesCPU( + h_CallResultCPU, + h_PutResultCPU, + h_StockPrice, + h_OptionStrike, + h_OptionYears, + RISKFREE, + VOLATILITY, + OPT_N + ); + + printf("Comparing the results...\n"); + //Calculate max absolute difference and L1 distance + //between CPU and GPU results + sum_delta = 0; + sum_ref = 0; + max_delta = 0; + for(i = 0; i < OPT_N; i++){ + ref = h_CallResultCPU[i]; + delta = fabs(h_CallResultCPU[i] - h_CallResultGPU[i]); + if(delta > max_delta) max_delta = delta; + sum_delta += delta; + sum_ref += fabs(ref); + } + L1norm = sum_delta / sum_ref; + printf("L1 norm: %E\n", L1norm); + printf("Max absolute error: %E\n", max_delta); + printf((L1norm < 1e-6) ? "TEST PASSED\n" : "TEST FAILED\n"); + + + printf("Shutting down...\n"); + printf("...releasing GPU memory.\n"); + cutilSafeCall( cudaFree(d_OptionYears) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaFree(d_OptionStrike) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaFree(d_StockPrice) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaFree(d_PutResult) ); + cutilSafeCall( cudaFree(d_CallResult) ); + + printf("...releasing CPU memory.\n"); + free(h_OptionYears); + free(h_OptionStrike); + free(h_StockPrice); + free(h_PutResultGPU); + free(h_CallResultGPU); + free(h_PutResultCPU); + free(h_CallResultCPU); + cutilCheckError( cutDeleteTimer(hTimer) ); + printf("Shutdown done.\n"); + + cudaThreadExit(); + + cutilExit(argc, argv); +} diff --git a/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_gold.cpp b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_gold.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2405fea --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_gold.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +/* + * Copyright 1993-2007 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved. + * + * NOTICE TO USER: + * + * This source code is subject to NVIDIA ownership rights under U.S. and + * international Copyright laws. Users and possessors of this source code + * are hereby granted a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to use this code + * in individual and commercial software. + * + * NVIDIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATION ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF THIS SOURCE + * CODE FOR ANY PURPOSE. IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. NVIDIA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH + * REGARD TO THIS SOURCE CODE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * IN NO EVENT SHALL NVIDIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, + * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS + * OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE + * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE + * OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOURCE CODE. + * + * U.S. Government End Users. This source code is a "commercial item" as + * that term is defined at 48 C.F.R. 2.101 (OCT 1995), consisting of + * "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software + * documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) + * and is provided to the U.S. Government only as a commercial end item. + * Consistent with 48 C.F.R.12.212 and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 through + * 227.7202-4 (JUNE 1995), all U.S. Government End Users acquire the + * source code with only those rights set forth herein. + * + * Any use of this source code in individual and commercial software must + * include, in the user documentation and internal comments to the code, + * the above Disclaimer and U.S. Government End Users Notice. + */ + + + +#include <math.h> + + + +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Polynomial approximation of cumulative normal distribution function +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +static double CND(double d){ + const double A1 = 0.31938153; + const double A2 = -0.356563782; + const double A3 = 1.781477937; + const double A4 = -1.821255978; + const double A5 = 1.330274429; + const double RSQRT2PI = 0.39894228040143267793994605993438; + + double + K = 1.0 / (1.0 + 0.2316419 * fabs(d)); + + double + cnd = RSQRT2PI * exp(- 0.5 * d * d) * + (K * (A1 + K * (A2 + K * (A3 + K * (A4 + K * A5))))); + + if(d > 0) + cnd = 1.0 - cnd; + + return cnd; +} + + +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Black-Scholes formula for both call and put +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +static void BlackScholesBodyCPU( + float& callResult, + float& putResult, + float Sf, //Stock price + float Xf, //Option strike + float Tf, //Option years + float Rf, //Riskless rate + float Vf //Volatility rate +){ + double S = Sf, X = Xf, T = Tf, R = Rf, V = Vf; + + double sqrtT = sqrt(T); + double d1 = (log(S / X) + (R + 0.5 * V * V) * T) / (V * sqrtT); + double d2 = d1 - V * sqrtT; + double CNDD1 = CND(d1); + double CNDD2 = CND(d2); + + //Calculate Call and Put simultaneously + double expRT = exp(- R * T); + callResult = (float)(S * CNDD1 - X * expRT * CNDD2); + putResult = (float)(X * expRT * (1.0 - CNDD2) - S * (1.0 - CNDD1)); +} + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Process an array of optN options +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +extern "C" void BlackScholesCPU( + float *h_CallResult, + float *h_PutResult, + float *h_StockPrice, + float *h_OptionStrike, + float *h_OptionYears, + float Riskfree, + float Volatility, + int optN +){ + for(int opt = 0; opt < optN; opt++) + BlackScholesBodyCPU( + h_CallResult[opt], + h_PutResult[opt], + h_StockPrice[opt], + h_OptionStrike[opt], + h_OptionYears[opt], + Riskfree, + Volatility + ); +} diff --git a/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_kernel.cuh b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_kernel.cuh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d99f69a --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/BlackScholes_kernel.cuh @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +/* + * Copyright 1993-2007 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved. + * + * NOTICE TO USER: + * + * This source code is subject to NVIDIA ownership rights under U.S. and + * international Copyright laws. Users and possessors of this source code + * are hereby granted a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to use this code + * in individual and commercial software. + * + * NVIDIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATION ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF THIS SOURCE + * CODE FOR ANY PURPOSE. IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR + * IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. NVIDIA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH + * REGARD TO THIS SOURCE CODE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF + * MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. + * IN NO EVENT SHALL NVIDIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, + * OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS + * OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE + * OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE + * OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOURCE CODE. + * + * U.S. Government End Users. This source code is a "commercial item" as + * that term is defined at 48 C.F.R. 2.101 (OCT 1995), consisting of + * "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software + * documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) + * and is provided to the U.S. Government only as a commercial end item. + * Consistent with 48 C.F.R.12.212 and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 through + * 227.7202-4 (JUNE 1995), all U.S. Government End Users acquire the + * source code with only those rights set forth herein. + * + * Any use of this source code in individual and commercial software must + * include, in the user documentation and internal comments to the code, + * the above Disclaimer and U.S. Government End Users Notice. + */ + + + +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Polynomial approximation of cumulative normal distribution function +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +__device__ inline float cndGPU(float d){ + const float A1 = 0.31938153f; + const float A2 = -0.356563782f; + const float A3 = 1.781477937f; + const float A4 = -1.821255978f; + const float A5 = 1.330274429f; + const float RSQRT2PI = 0.39894228040143267793994605993438f; + + float + K = 1.0f / (1.0f + 0.2316419f * fabsf(d)); + + float + cnd = RSQRT2PI * __expf(- 0.5f * d * d) * + (K * (A1 + K * (A2 + K * (A3 + K * (A4 + K * A5))))); + + if(d > 0) + cnd = 1.0f - cnd; + + return cnd; +} + + +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +// Black-Scholes formula for both call and put +/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +__device__ inline void BlackScholesBodyGPU( + float& CallResult, + float& PutResult, + float S, //Stock price + float X, //Option strike + float T, //Option years + float R, //Riskless rate + float V //Volatility rate +){ + float sqrtT, expRT; + float d1, d2, CNDD1, CNDD2; + + sqrtT = sqrtf(T); + d1 = (__logf(S / X) + (R + 0.5f * V * V) * T) / (V * sqrtT); + d2 = d1 - V * sqrtT; + + CNDD1 = cndGPU(d1); + CNDD2 = cndGPU(d2); + + //Calculate Call and Put simultaneously + expRT = __expf(- R * T); + CallResult = S * CNDD1 - X * expRT * CNDD2; + PutResult = X * expRT * (1.0f - CNDD2) - S * (1.0f - CNDD1); +} + + +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +//Process an array of optN options on GPU +//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// +__global__ void BlackScholesGPU( + float *d_CallResult, + float *d_PutResult, + float *d_StockPrice, + float *d_OptionStrike, + float *d_OptionYears, + float Riskfree, + float Volatility, + int optN +){ + //Thread index + const int tid = blockDim.x * blockIdx.x + threadIdx.x; + //Total number of threads in execution grid + const int THREAD_N = blockDim.x * gridDim.x; + + //No matter how small is execution grid or how large OptN is, + //exactly OptN indices will be processed with perfect memory coalescing + for(int opt = tid; opt < optN; opt += THREAD_N) + BlackScholesBodyGPU( + d_CallResult[opt], + d_PutResult[opt], + d_StockPrice[opt], + d_OptionStrike[opt], + d_OptionYears[opt], + Riskfree, + Volatility + ); +} diff --git a/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/Makefile b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0a628ac --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmarks/CUDA/BlackScholes/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +################################################################################ +# +# Copyright 1993-2006 NVIDIA Corporation. All rights reserved. +# +# NOTICE TO USER: +# +# This source code is subject to NVIDIA ownership rights under U.S. and +# international Copyright laws. +# +# NVIDIA MAKES NO REPRESENTATION ABOUT THE SUITABILITY OF THIS SOURCE +# CODE FOR ANY PURPOSE. IT IS PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT EXPRESS OR +# IMPLIED WARRANTY OF ANY KIND. NVIDIA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH +# REGARD TO THIS SOURCE CODE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF +# MERCHANTABILITY, NONINFRINGEMENT, AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. +# IN NO EVENT SHALL NVIDIA BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, +# OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS +# OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE +# OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE +# OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOURCE CODE. +# +# U.S. Government End Users. This source code is a "commercial item" as +# that term is defined at 48 C.F.R. 2.101 (OCT 1995), consisting of +# "commercial computer software" and "commercial computer software +# documentation" as such terms are used in 48 C.F.R. 12.212 (SEPT 1995) +# and is provided to the U.S. Government only as a commercial end item. +# Consistent with 48 C.F.R.12.212 and 48 C.F.R. 227.7202-1 through +# 227.7202-4 (JUNE 1995), all U.S. Government End Users acquire the +# source code with only those rights set forth herein. +# +################################################################################ +# +# Build script for project +# +################################################################################ + +# Add source files here +EXECUTABLE := BlackScholes +# CUDA source files (compiled with cudacc) +CUFILES := BlackScholes.cu +# CUDA dependency files +CU_DEPS := BlackScholes_kernel.cuh +# C/C++ source files (compiled with gcc / c++) +CCFILES := BlackScholes_gold.cpp +# Need good occupancy +CUDACCFLAGS := -po maxrregcount=16 + + +################################################################################ +# Rules and targets + +include ../../../common/common.mk |
